ADULT TOURNAMENTS 2024
Age 18 and over
Easter Bowl 2025 is the next Holiday Tournament.
Directional draws with at least three matches guaranteed. Play is continuous for 2.5 – 3 hours. Each round is one regular scoring set with a tiebreaker (first to 7) 6 all in doubles. RacketMan gift certificates go to all finalists. A USTA rating published on Tennislink is needed to play this event. You can self rate if you do not have one at no charge. These tournament results do not count toward your USTA rating. Minimum age is 14.
Entry by email to: patpurcell@purcelltennis.com with your name, partner’s name, phone numbers, and event you wish to play. Your entry will be confirmed by email.
The fee is $56/doubles team. Once the tournament has enough entries to run, the player who registered the team will be sent a bill for payment through Venmo payable when received.
Labor Day Weekend 8.30.24 – 8.31.24 |
Mixed 7.0 |
Winners – Julianne Callaway – TJ Kennedy Finalists – Brittany Quinlan – Azher Sameer |
Mixed 8.0 |
Winners – Ana Birdsall – Ed Bourneuf Finalists – Junko Oba – Chris Krieger |
Men’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner – John Omoresemi Finalist – Winston Wang |
Women’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner – Lisa Randoll Finalist – Denise Walkenhorst |
Women’s 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Julianne Callaway – Megan Mueller Finalists – Kimberly Daws – Sharon Sherry |
July 4 Holiday 7.4.24 |
Mixed 7.0 |
Winners – Dawn Weinstock – Ed Bourneuf Finalists – Jane Herder – John Omorescemi |
Mixed 8.0 |
Winners – Danielle Uy – Geoff Uy Finalists – Kristen Haeberlein – Hung Nguyen |
Memorial Weekend 5.24.24 |
Men’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner – Asim Hasanovic Finalist – Azher Sameer |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner – Jacob McQueen Finalist – Jeff Harris |
Women’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner – Chris Redd Finalist – Laura Sedory |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner – Janae Schaeffe Finalist – Soophia Naydenov |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners – Egle Gherardini – Nikhil Bhardwaj Finalists – Junko Oba – Mike Ho |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Kalie Snyder – Harjinder Singh Finalists – Kim Hammond – Ryan Papproth |
Women’s 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Mindy Meinert – Katy Rood Finalists – Shannon Bryan – Erica Yalavarthi |
Women’s 8.0 Doubles |
Winners – Linda Lord – Sheri Xu Finalists – Emma Tamaroff – Linda Woodard |
Men’s 8.0 Doubles |
Winners – David Cabrera – Nathan Meinert Finalists – Mike Ho – David Root |
Easter Bowl 3.30.24 |
Mixed 6.0 Doubles |
Winners – Reshaunda Thornton – Jim Strohmeyer Finalists- Mary Miksell – Ryan Miksell |
Mixed 9.0 Doubles |
Winners – Victoria Zielinski – Ryan White Finalists – Severine Huchet – Guillaume Huchet |
Men’s 7.0 Doubles |
Winners- Krishna Mohan – Amarnath Jambunathan Finalists – Rich Hardebeck – John Omoresemi |
Women’s 7.0 Doubles |
Winners- Megan Armstrong – Michelle Parmentier Finalists- Cissy Hardebeck – Heidy Weight |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Jenine Harris – Puvi Jagannathan Finalists – Heidy Weicht – Rich Hardebeck |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners – Mindy Meinert – Nathan Meinert Finalists – Kelsey Welton – Charles Welton |
Women’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner – Kristen Armstrong Finalist – Sharon Taysi |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner – Rob Armstrong Finalist – Fikret Ercal |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner – Steve Mense Finalist – Thang Tin Lian |
Labor Day Open 9.1.23 – 9.3.23 |
Mixed 6.0 Doubles |
Winners – Cissy Hardebeck – Matt Essman Finalists – Reshaunda Thornton – Nick D’Amato |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Kim Hammond – Ryan Papproth Finalists – Junko Oba – Kevin Bauer |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners – Sarah Wedick – Tim Nolan Finalists – Mindy Meinert – Nathan Meinert |
Mixed 9.0 Doubles |
Winners – Christina Pupillo – Jerry Stanley Finalists – Mikaela Griechen – Hung Nguyen |
Men’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner – Jeremy Heard Finalist – Brent Jones |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner – Malik Hagens Finalist – Ryan Cochran |
Women’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner – Denise Walkenhorst Finalist – Mary Miksell |
Women’s 3.5 Singles |
Winners – Adele Ayres Finalists – Stacey Zoller |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner – Soophia Naydenov Finalist – Kate Lam |
Women’s 3.5 Doubles |
Winner – Adele Ayres – Katie White Finalist – Jenine Harris – Lisa Orf |
Memorial Day Open 5.26.23 – 5.28.23 |
Mixed 6.0 Doubles |
Winners – Michelle Parmentier – Jason Parmentier Finalists – Andrea Layton – Azher Sameer |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Kelly Winkler – Malik Hagens Finalists – Kristen Haeberlein – Amarnath Jambunathan |
Mixed 6.0 Doubles |
Winners – Michelle Parmentier – Jason Parmentier Finalists – Andrea Layton – Azher Sameer |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners – Kelly Winkler – Malik Hagens Finalists – Kristen Haeberlein – Amarnath Jambunathan |
Women’s 6.0 Doubles |
Winners – Michelle Parmentier – Katie White Finalists – Paula Bauer – Patti Rensch |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners – Rachel Doveikis – Sam Doveikis Finalists – Florence Streeter – Shaun Streeter |
Mixed 9.0 Doubles |
Winners – Severine Huchet – Guillaume Huchet Finalists – Dana Metzger – Paul Reiss |
Easter Bowl 4.8.23 – 4.9.23 |
Mixed 6.0 Doubles |
Winners- Briana Bostick-Tom Bostick Finalists – Lisa Randoll- Nick D’Amato |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners- Kim Hammond-Ryan Papproth Finalists- Katie White- David Kraft |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Three Way Tie Winners- Egle Gherardini – Nikhil Bhardwaj Finalists- Kelsey Welton-Charles Welton Third Place –Michelle Hoxsey – Wes Law |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner- Matt Suddarth Finalist- Scott Harris |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner – Jane Herder Finalist – Kate Lam |
Easter Bowl 4.16.22 – 4.17.22 |
Women’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner: Michelle Wicks Finalist: Judy Staroscik |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Kate Lam Finalist: Laurie Burke |
Women’s 4.5 Singles |
Winner: Dana Metzger Finalist: Erica Sipes |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners: Robbie Barron-Krishna Mohan Finalists: Florence Streeter-Asim Hasanovic |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winner: Katie Lamack – Michael Lesko Finalist: Sarah Wedick – Tim Nolan |
Men’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner: Amarnath Jambunathan Finalist: Asim Hasanovic |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Krishna Mohan Finalist: Puviarasu Jagannathan |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Chris Temple Finalist: Mike Nurmela |
Men’s 4.5 Singles |
Winner: Michael Carney Finalist: Ryan White |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Brooke Cusumano – Ellie Straub Finalists: Ronda Lesire – Kate Walkenhorst |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Tina Coleman – Kathy Leijon Finalists: Jenine Harris – Florence Streeter |
11.29.19 – 12.1.19 |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Ann Finnegan – Sam Politte Finalists: Melissa Butler – Kristina Reilly |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Jane Herder – Shepard Simpson Finalist: Jessica Davies – Tracy Todd |
Women’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Soophia Naydenov Finalist: Haina Shin |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Michael Carney Finalist: Sijia Liu |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Mike Nurmela Finalist: Ben Meyer |
Men’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Jacob Boling – Trevor Neale Finalists: Mike Brennan – Tom Tokarczyk |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Sharon Taysi Finalist: Avery McCall |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Finalists: |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners: Rachel Doveikis – Sam Doveikis Finalists: Karen Ebert-Meyer – Sam Shouldis |
8.30.19 – 9.2.30 |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Lynne Borgerson – Maureen Roden-Hurley Finalists: Missy Davis – Kelli McKie |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Jessica Davies – Allison Johnson Finalist: Mary Pat Geldmeier – Jeannine Seitz |
Men’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner: Phil Brandt Finalist: Kris Lakin |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Phil Hale Finalist: Josh Ledbetter |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winners: Ryan White Finalists: Ben Meyer |
Men’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Jacob Boling – Trevor Neale Finalists: Phil Hale- Rob Huntze |
Mixed 6.0 Doubles |
Winner: Kerry Jones – Brad Reel Finalist: Mary Ann Boschert – Kirk Boschert |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners: Wan-In Koo – Eric Elverhoy Finalists: Karen Ebert-Meyer – Harold Nottingham |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners: Rachel Doveikis – Sam Doveikis Finalists: Judy Sindecuse – Scott Sindecuse |
12.28.18 – 1.1.19 |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Lisa Jett – Lisa LaRose Finalists: Tacy Dossett – Teresa Durbala |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Kate Graft – Kelly Yates Finalist: Shelley Fridley – Shepard Simpson |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Dan Roddy Finalist: Ben Meyer |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Jacob Boling Finalist: Tim Reinwald |
Men’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Chad Becker – Larman Williams Finalists: Jerry Egger – Bob Ferguson |
Men’s 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Tim May – Steve Williams Finalists: Dennis Myer – Mark Schuering |
Women’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Tomoko Duff Finalist: Tiffany Johnson |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Nuran Ercal Finalist: Colleen Corbett |
Mixed 7.0 Doubles |
Winners: Anne Ross- Mike Lawlor Finalists: Tina McWard – Patrick McWard |
Mixed 8.0 Doubles |
Winners: Judy Sindecuse – Scott Sindecuse Finalists: Rachel Doveikis – Sam Doveikis |
11.23.18 – 11.25.18 |
Mixed 8.0 |
Winners: Sarah Wedick – Steve Hawkins Finalists: Vikki Moran – Brian Malcolm |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Jay Perez Finalist: David Kraft |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Tim Reinwald Finalist: Trevor Neale |
Women’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Tracy Todd Finalist: Sue Riemann |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Jenine Harris – Ellen Mrazek Finalists: Lisa Jett – Lisa LaRose |
Men’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Sam Doveikis – Randy Meyr Finalists: Kyle Davis – Andy Koenig |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Mojca Gasperlin – Sarah Wedick Finalists: Christina Pupillo – Judy Sindecuse |
Men’s 4.0 – 4.5 Doubles |
Winners: Bob Batdorf – Blake Schneider Finalists: Brian Kirk – Mark Zolman |
8.31.18 – 9.2.18 |
Mixed 6.0 |
Winners: Kelli McKie – Bryan Quigley Finalists: Julie Miller – Jeff Traigle |
Mixed 7.0 |
Winners: Ellen Mrazek – Randy Ring Finalist: Pam Henze – Mike Kelley |
Mixed 8.0 |
Winners: Jane Herder – James Kim Finalists: Ali Regan – Jimmy Hendricks |
Women’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner: Julie Miller Finalist: Denise Hoxsey |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Rachel Doveikis Finalist: Florence Streeter |
Women’s 4.5 Singles |
Winner: Alice Wolfe Finalist: Cynthia Behr |
Men’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Sam Doveikis Finalist: Mike Kelley |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Bill Dannevik Finalist: Jimmy Hendricks |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winner: Lynne Borgerson – Maureen Roden Hurley Finalist: Tracy Todd |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Jane Herder – Shepard Simpson Finalists: Bridget Gislimberti – Linda Lord |
Men’s 4.0 – 4.5 Doubles |
Winners: Phil Kammann – Ben Kirchoff Finalists: Dan Roddy – Jon Deuchler |
4.2.18-4.5.18 |
Paul Tobin Cup Men’s 65 Singles |
Winner: Terry McNabb Finalist: Doug Chandler |
Paul Tobin Cup Men’s 65 Doubles |
Winners: Harry Barnes – Bob Martin Finalists: Jim Boone – John Kinsella |
2.5.18 – 2.7.18 |
Kim Steinmetz Cup Women’s 60 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Ann Eveker – Susie Kinsella Finalist: Marilyn Lange – Janet Meyer |
Terry Ward Cup Men’s 60 4.0 Doubles |
Winners: Bob Faust – Jerry Sachar Finalists: Brock Jones – Norm Kaden |
2017 |
12.29.17 – 12.31.17 |
Women’s 3.0 Singles |
Winner: Steph Charitonenko Finalist: Kriss Hill |
Women’s 3.5 Singles |
Winner: Vicki Elwood Finalist: Tracy Todd |
Women’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: Sharon Taysi Finalist: Laurie Burke |
Men’s 4.0 Singles |
Winner: James Rhodes Finalist: Luis Batista |
Men’s 4.5 Singles |
Winner: Dragos Enea Finalist: Arjun Raman |
Women’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Beth Causey – Mary Vassar Finalists: Kathy Aubuchon – Maria Blades |
Men’s 3.0 – 3.5 Doubles |
Winners: Dave Fox – Sung Kim Finalists: Pratap Chand – Sam Rajan |
Women’s 3.5 – 4.0 Doubles |
ST. LOUIS CUP SERIES
The St. Louis Cup Series is an new series of tournaments offered by age division and level to provide more tournament competitive play, especially singles. Each level is named in honor of an accomplished St. Louis player. The player that finishes #1 in the rankings at the end of the year will be the Cup winner. All players must be USTA members as these tournaments are sanctioned and the computation of the rankings will be done by the USTA.
Cup Players Bios
Carol Hanks Aucamp
Carol is a graduate of Washington University where she played on the Men’s Tennis Team. She was ranked #9 in the world in 1964 and was ranked in the US top 10 for five years in the sixties. She reached the US Open singles semis at Forest Hills in 1964. Won 9 US Titles. Played Wimbledon four times. Won the National Clay Court Doubles with Justina Bricka over Billie Jean King/ Karen Hantze Susman. After her playing career, Carol was very generous with her time always willing to it with the up and coming junior players. Carol was inducted into the St. Louis Hall of Fame in 1990.
Justina Bricka
Bricka is a 1965 graduate of Washington University. She had an outstanding tennis record, winning numerous girls’ singles and doubles titles in the USTA Missouri Valley. Her style of play, which included extraordinary touch and thoughtfulness that outweighs most opponent’s strokes, helped her to go on to further glory. She won four U.S. Junior titles. In 1961, Bricka and another USTA Missouri Valley Hall of Fame member, Carol Hanks Aucamp, won U.S. Women’s Clay Court Doubles championship. In 1962, she won the Swiss Doubles titles with Margaret Court Smith. This same team reached the finals of the French and Italian Championships. Bricka and another St. Louis native and Hall of Fame member Mary Ann Eisel Beattie won the Irish Doubles Championship. In 1964, Bricka played in 15 tournaments, winning 35 matches, losing only 13 and won two singles titles. After competing, she was the manager and teaching pro at Frontenc Racquet Club. Justina was inducted into the St. Louis Hall of Fame in 1990.
Kim Steinmetz
Kim’s junior career culminated with a Missouri Valley ranking of No. 1 in singles and doubles in both the 16s and 18s division and a national ranking of No. 15 in the Girls 18s. During her collegiate career, Kim was a two-time All-American and Trinity’s 1980 Woman Athlete of the Year. After graduation, Kim joined the professional tennis circuit and initially reached a world ranking of No. 188. Within three years, she rose into the Top 100 and competed against such greats as Martina Navratilova, Chris Evert, Pam Shriver and Billie Jean King. She owns doubles victories against Steffi Graf, Jo Durie, Betty Stove and Hana Mandlikova. Her biggest win came in singles at the 1988 US Open, when she defeated the eighth-ranked player in the world, Natasha Zvereva. Kim’s professional tennis career lasted 10 years and included 26 Grand Slam tournament appearances. She retired in 1990 and immediately began her second passion, teaching others about the game she loved. Kim was a member of the 1994 St. Louis Aces and in 2000, she was inducted into the St. Louis Tennis Hall of Fame in 2000. Kim, still doing what she loves, is currently the tennis director at the Missouri Athletic Club in St. Louis.
Pat Purcell
From her start in the public parks, Pat became a nationally ranked junior player and the number 1 St. Louis player in the 1980’s. She was a four year letterman at Washington University, two years on the men’s team and two year’s on the women’s team. After graduation, she moved into the tennis business, was a club owner, a USPTA pro, and built one of the largest recreational World Team Tennis programs in the country. She returned to competitive tennis after a 20 year break and won has won seven national titles (Gold Balls) in her age divisions. A definite highlight was being a member of the Women’s 55 team that won the World Championship Maureen Connolly Cup in 2013 and of the Women’s 60 team that won the Alice Marble Cup in 2017 and also took the Silver in 2018. She currently runs leagues in the St. Louis area and is a teaching pro at Chesterfield Athletic Club. Pat was inducted into the St. Louis Hall of Fame in 2016 and the Washington University Sports Hall of Fame in 2018, and will be inducted into the Missouri Valley Hall of Fame in December 2018.
Maria Rothschild Steinbach
Maria had a stellar junior career: Finalist in French Junior International Championships and quarterfinalist in Junior Wimbledon in 1978, Member of the Junior Wightman Cup Team in 1977 and 1978, Member of Bonne Bell Cup Team of 1978, competing in Australia. She finished 5th nationally and 8th internationally in 18s in 1978. At BYU, she was AIAW All-American in 1979 and all-conference in singles and doubles in 1979. She also was Seventeen’s Most Promising Player of the Year and the 21-and-under National Championship in 1978. Maria currently teached at Frontenac Racquet Club and Old Warson Country Club. Maria was inducted into the St. Louis Tennis Hall of Fame in 2000.
Don Dippold
Don was a state HS singles finalist in his sophomore year (1946). He played and won many junior municipal, district, and section singles, doubles, and mixed doubles tournaments. Don won the first Father/Son Championship (1956) with his father, Ollie, then later with his son, Bob. He was a teaching pro for 28 years at Westwood Country Club. As an adult, he was a winner or finalist in the Men’s municipal and district doubles and mixed doubles tournaments. Don won the National 65’s Indoor on his first try. He won the 70’s Grass Court singles and doubles in his first time playing on grass. He has played on three USA World Championship Cup teams, won the International Tennis Federation (ITF) World 70’s doubles and was a finalist in World 60’s doubles. His national rankings include #16 in junior doubles, #2 in 70’s singles and doubles, and #4 in 65’s singles. His world rankings include #1 in 70’s doubles and #4 in 65’s singles. Don was inducted into the St. Louis Hall of Fame in 2006.
Tom Fluri
Tom and brother Gene won the Missouri state doubles championship for McCluer High School and helped McCluer win the overall state title in 1968. Tom had a big college playing career, as a Big 8 doubles champion, and was ranked #1 in St. Louis singles and doubles and at Mizzou. He also did some damage as a local pro, consistently winning and making the finals of local tournaments and with his brother Gene dominating the local doubles scene through the 70s and into the early 1980s. In 1976 Tom won a fast-serve contest in St. Louis to qualify for the nationals at Forest Hills. He lost to Colin Dibley in New York. Won the McDonald’s Money Tournament singles title, beating Dino Martin in the quarters, Jorge Ramirez in semifinals and Jack Gorsuch in final and with Gene, won the doubles, beating Jack Gorsuch and Rick Flach in the final. He is currently the manage of Forest Lake Tennis Club. Tom was inducted into the St. Louis Hall of Fame in 2013.
Ralph Hart
Ralph was one of the top ranked juniors in the Missouri Valley and the High School State champion for Missouri in 1969. Ralph was often ranked #1 in St. Louis in the 70’s and 80’s. In 1970 he won the SEC Singles Title playing for the University of Florida. Then he transferred to Presbyterian College where he was a two time NAIA All American. For the past 34 years he has worked as a defense attorney but he still competes in national senior tournaments. Now deceased.
Dick Johnson
Dick has a long history in national and international senior tournaments and has won 44 national titles (Gold Balls), 14 in singles and 30 in doubles. Dick has played on 17 international cup teams representing the US and in the his most recent, teamed with Brian Cheney to win the deciding match of the Britannia Cup (65’s). His most memorable win was beating former Wimbledon Champion Alex Olmedo at the Hard Courts in the 35’s. Dick is in the USTA Missouri Valley tennis Hall of Fame and the Kalamazoo College Hall of Fame. He retired in 2014 from Director of Tennis from St. Louis Country Club after 30 years of service. In 2015, Dick was the #1 ranked player in the world in the 70’s. Dick was inducted into the St. Louis Tennis Hall of Fame in 1995. Now deceased.
Paul Tobin
As a junior, Paul was a highly ranked player in the Missouri Valley. While at Mesa Junior College he won the National Junior College Championship in 1969. Moving on to West Texas State, he won the Missouri Valley Conference #1 Singles title. In 1970, Paul teamed with Larry Parker to win the National Public Parks. In St. Louis, his serve and volley game kept him in the top three of the rankings in the late 70’s, early 80’s. When Chesterfield Athletic Club opened in 1974 as Castle Oak, Paul was named the Tennis Director. For more than 40 years, he has shared his expertise and rare dry wit with thousands of player. And if there were ever a candidate for Bionic Pro, it would be Paul as he barely slowed down through hip and knee replacement, and shoulder surgery. His doggedness is inspirational as he brings excellence every hour of every day, year in and year out, truly a master pro.
Terry Ward
At Frontenac since 1982 – as a teaching pro, tennis director and manager – Terry’s also been director of tennis at Old Warson Country Club since 1986. He played his college tennis at the University of San Diego, which is also when he played several pro events. In those, he was a finalist in singles and won four doubles titles. His best-ever world rankings were in the 300s.In the 1980s, Terry won multiple city championships and was the city’s top-ranked player. Terry was inducted into the St. Louis Tennis Hall of Fame in 2016.